Which term defines the moral guidelines that dictate whether actions are right or wrong?

The term that defines the moral guidelines dictating whether actions are right or wrong is ethics. Ethics encompasses the principles and values that guide individuals and organizations in determining appropriate conduct, especially in complex situations where the right course of action may not be immediately clear. In the context of biotechnology, ethical considerations are crucial as they help navigate the potential impacts of scientific advancements on society, the environment, and individuals' rights.

The other options relate to different concepts. Policy refers to a formal set of guidelines or principles adopted by organizations or governments to dictate actions and decision-making. Regulation involves rules established by authorities to control or govern conduct, particularly in industries such as biotechnology, ensuring compliance with standards. Protocol refers to a specific procedure or set of steps to be followed in a given situation, especially in a scientific or clinical context. Each of these terms plays a role in governance and operational processes but does not encapsulate the moral reasoning characteristic of ethics.