What best describes CRISPR technology?

CRISPR technology is best described as a genome editing tool that allows precise alterations to DNA sequences. This innovative approach leverages a naturally occurring defense mechanism found in bacteria, where it was initially identified as a way for these organisms to fend off viral infections. CRISPR, which stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats, operates in conjunction with a specific RNA molecule and the Cas9 enzyme to target and edit specific locations in the genome.

The technology enables scientists to modify genes by adding, deleting, or altering DNA sequences with a high level of accuracy. This precision opens up vast possibilities for applications ranging from correcting genetic diseases, enhancing agricultural traits, to advancing research in various biological fields. Its versatility and efficiency have made CRISPR one of the most revolutionary tools in molecular biology, fundamentally changing the landscape of genetic engineering.

Other options, while related to the broader field of biotechnology, do not accurately capture the fundamental function of CRISPR. For example, increasing crop yields may be an application of various biotechnological techniques, including genetic modification, but it does not specifically define CRISPR itself. Similarly, cloning entire organisms and measuring genetic diversity are distinct processes that do not encompass the specific capabilities and applications