What are genetically modified organisms (GMOs)?

Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) refer specifically to organisms whose genetic material has been altered through genetic engineering techniques. This modification is typically achieved by directly manipulating an organism’s DNA to introduce new traits or enhance existing ones, which may involve the addition of genes from other species. For instance, GMOs are commonly used in agriculture to create crops that are resistant to pests, diseases, or environmental conditions like drought.

The essence of this definition lies in the direct alteration of the genetic blueprint of an organism, distinguishing GMOs from organisms that may reproduce or be cloned without such genetic interventions. Understanding this distinction clarifies the implications of GMOs in biotechnology, including their potential benefits and risks, especially regarding food production and environmental impact.