What are fertility treatments in biotechnology?

Fertility treatments in biotechnology specifically refer to techniques that assist in human reproduction, making the correct answer related to methods such as in vitro fertilization (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). These practices are designed to address various infertility issues by facilitating the fertilization process outside of the human body, and then transferring the resulting embryos into the uterus. IVF involves collecting eggs from a woman and fertilizing them with sperm in a laboratory setting, while ICSI is a procedure where a single sperm is injected directly into an egg, often used when there are male infertility issues.

The other options, while related to biotechnology, pertain to different applications. Reducing genetic diseases is associated with genetic counseling and testing, cloning techniques aim to replicate organisms for research or agricultural purposes, and enhancing agricultural productivity involves biotechnological applications in crop development and livestock management. These focus areas do not directly address the reproductive assistance attribute that characterizes fertility treatments.